About EAB-277® / PCSO-524®

What is PCSO-524^®?

Antinol^® (PCSO-524^®) is a natural anti-inflammatory supplement for the veterinary market containing a patented lipid extract isolated from the New Zealand green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus. Antinol^® contains PCSO-524^® in combination with olive oil, and a small amount of vitamin E added as an antioxidant. Early in vitro and in vivo research indicated significant anti-inflammatory properties. However, this research also revealed inconsistencies in the results due to the poor stabilisation of the lipids. Subsequent research and further development culminated in the stabilised patented lipid extract PCSO-524^® found in Antinol^®.

What is EAB-277^®?

The active ingredient in this advanced formulation of EAB 277™ is the blend of New Zealand green mussel oil and high phospholipid krill oil. EAB 277™ helps promote efficiency in absorption with the pet’s body and packed with high nutritional value. It contains more than 90 free fatty acids that are complete with omega-3s , including DHA, EPA and ETA .

The synergistic advanced formula

EAB 277™ is the product of years of ongoing scientific research. To study, research and develop for the best effectiveness of the synergy of the active ingredients. The perfect combination of 30 mg of Perna canaliculus (New Zealand green mussel) oil and 20 mg of high phospholipid krill oil has been proven in laboratory tests it is more effective than using any type of fat alone.

The blend contains a unique combination of free fatty acids, sterol esters, polar lipids, and carotenoids, and has been shown to be a 5-lipoxygenase (LOX)¹ and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) modulator ² providing a potent anti-inflammatory effect ^3-6. The majority of the research using EAB 277™ has been in support of its anti-inflammatory activity, particularly in arthritis, where it has been compared to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in several animal clinical trials.

The manufacture and extraction process of EAB 277™ has been developed over many years and is covered by several international patents. The patented process involves extracting the oil from green lipped mussels which are first stabilised and freeze-dried.
The extraction is undertaken using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technology which uses liquid carbon dioxide (CO₂) as a solvent. CO₂ is an ideal solvent as it becomes liquid under increased pressure and after extracting the oil the pressure is raised, and the CO₂ turns back into a gas leaving the extract intact.

EAB 277™ is produced in Nelson, New Zealand where the green-lipped mussels are farmed in pristine waters. The stabilisation process and freeze drying of the mussels is conducted by Pharmalink International (PIL) shareholder and manufacturing partner MacLab and the extraction is completed in a state of the art facility owned by Pharmalink Extracts Limited.

The patented EAB 277™ extract is sold in more than 40 countries around the world in soft-gel capsules, blister packed in aluminium foil, which are encapsulated and packaged by a number of GMP-approved facilities around the globe.

Unique features of Antinol^® / Point of difference

The unique lipid extract within Antinol^® is different in structure compared with other marine oils (i.e. fish oils) in the chemical bonding of the omega fatty acids and incorporates a wide diversity of lipid classes.

There are over 91 individual fatty acids reported within the lipid extract with only 16 at concentrations greater than 1% of the total fatty acids ⁷
Specific fractionation studies have shown a range of anti-inflammatory compounds found within the EAB 277™ matrix ^{8, 9}
The primary anti-inflammatory component of the lipid mix has not been identified but has been determined to be more complex than just the DHA/EPA component
The anti-inflammatory action of the whole extract (EAB 277^™) is more effective than the sum of its parts.

Therapeutic uses

The primary recommendation for Antinol^® use is for arthritis and other inflammatory conditions.

The Importance of the Stabilised Extract

The patented extraction process has been refined over a number of years and produces an extract with consistent anti-inflammatory results due to the stable, consistent nature of the product. The early research informed us that a non-stabilised mussel powder could not consistently produce positive results, crude extracts were vulnerable to chemical change over time providing variable or unpredictable results.

The Importance of the 2 Synergistic Extracts

Antinol^® EAB 277™ has been clinically proven in veterinary medicine to significantly improve the health and wellbeing of pets in 90% of sick animals with more than 10+ supporting scientific findings Clinical studies conducted with veterinarians. And there are also research papers that have been published internationally. Including going to academic journals that have been reviewed by a panel of experts. (peer-reviewed study)

The Effective Synergistic Combination of 2 Marine Lipids

One of the main active ingredients in EAB-277® and PCSO-524® is New Zealand green mussel extract. The New Zealand green-lipped mussels are subjected to a stabilization and freeze-drying process prior to the proprietary liquid extraction techniques.

Most green-lipped mussel (GLM) extracts on the market are not stabilised extracts and therefore may be vulnerable to change over time.

No other product has the stabilisation process used by PIL to manufacture Antinol^®.

Comparison of different mussel extracts for their anti-inflammatory activity reveal a wide variability in effectiveness, showing the stabilised lipid extract to be far superior.

Compared to Non-stabilised GLM Extract

Comparison of similar clinical trials using a non-stabilised mussel extract to Antinol^® for treatment of osteoarthritis in dogs have shown stronger outcomes for Antinol^®

Compared to Counter Treatment

Comparison of PCSO-524^® to other available over the counter treatments for osteoarthritis in a rat trial, place it in the top two products of a group of 27, with the other top product being the stabilised GLM powder from which Antinol^® is made

Compared to other Nutraceuticals

Clinical trials have also demonstrated the superiority of Antinol^® to other nutraceuticals commonly used for arthritis or joint disease in dogs.

These include glucosamine, chondroitin, and avocado soy-bean unsaponifiables.

Compared to Non-stabilised GLM Extract

Comparison of similar clinical trials using a non-stabilised mussel extract to EAB 277™ for treatment of osteoarthritis in dogs have shown stronger outcomes for EAB 277™

Anti-inflammatory Activity

There are two major inflammation pathways relevant to pain in osteoarthritis (OA).

These are the cyclooxygenase pathways (COX-1 and COX-2) and the lipoxygenase pathway, which can be separated into 3-arms (15-LOX, 12-LOX and 5-LOX) of which the 5-LOX pathway is the best studied for OA.

COX and LOX pathways

COX and LOX pathways are inflammatory cascades that are initiated in ordinary cells from the lipid content that makes up the cellular membranes.

Initiation and control of the inflammatory process are complex and governed by an array of biomolecular mechanisms.

One important pro-inflammatory mechanism is associated closely with the cell-membrane-bound fatty acid arachidonic acid, which becomes converted into other compounds in the body that are potent pro-inflammatory substances.

The composition of the cellular fatty acids within cells is an area of particular interest when looking at the effects of dietary or supplemental fatty acids in the body (i.e. PCSO-524^®).

The composition can directly influence inflammatory processes in the body. In fact, research is now suggesting that fatty acids within the diet can alter OA risk and severity.

Working in conjunction with NSAIDs, or to replace NSAID use

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most widely used drugs for arthritis conditions in humans and animals.

One of their main mechanisms of action is inhibition of the COX enzyme (shown with its link to the inflammatory mediators produced from arachidonic acid in Figure 1), which in turn, inhibits the production of prostaglandins, especially PGE2, one of the key inflammatory mediators known to cause inflammation and therefore pain, which is strongly implicated in OA.

NSAIDs are also well known for their potential gastrointestinal side effects, including the development of gastric ulceration.

A review of the use of NSAIDs in dogs notes that monitoring them for gastric ulceration is difficult as there are no practical screening tests to detect early signs of gastric injury, with clinicians needing to be vigilant for signs of injury.

                    Executive Summary

for EAB-277®
and PCSO-524®
                  

EAB 277™

Study of the effectiveness of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, marine based fatty acid compounds (PCSO-524 and EAB-277), and carprofen for the treatment of dogs with hip osteoarthritis: A prospective, block-randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Front. Vet. Sci., 01 February 2023 Sec. Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology Volume 10 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1033188

Authors:

Naruepon Kampa, Duangdaun Kaenkangploo, Supranee Jitpean, Thanikul Srithunyarat, Suvaluk Seesupa, Somphong Hoisang, Karn Yongvanit, Phanthit Kamlangchai, Pongsatorn Tuchpramuk, B. Duncan X. Lascelles

VIEW

EAB 277™Respiratory

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid EAB-277® Supplementation Improved Heart Rate Variability and Clinical Signs in Tracheal Collapse Dogs

Front. Vet. Sci., 14 July 2022

Authors:

Raktham Mektrirat, Thareerat Rueangsri, Waraporn Keeratichandacha, Sasiwimon Soonsawat, Chavalit Boonyapakorn, Wanpitak Pongkan

VIEW

The Effectiveness of Marine Based Fatty Acid Compound (PCSO-524) and Firocoxib in the Treatment of Canine Osteoarthritis

BMC Veterinary Research (2019) 15:349

Authors:

Monchanok Vijarnsorn, Irin Kwananocha, Narudee Kashemsant, Thitichai Jarudecha, Chalermpol Lekcharoensuk, Bruno Peirone, Brian S. Beale, B. Duncan X. Lascelles

VIEW

Dog Dog Dog Dog Dog Dog Dog Dog Dog Dog

The Effectiveness of Marine Based Fatty Acid Compound (PCSO-524) Alone and Combined with Firocoxib in the Treatment of Canine Osteoarthritis

Veterinary Orthopedic Society Conference 2018 Poster Presentation.
(VOS conference, March 2018)

Authors:

Brian S. Beale, Monchanok Vijarnsorn, Irin Kwananocha, Alois Nečas, B. Duncan X. Lascelles

VIEW

Skin

Clinical study of PCSO-524 (ANTINOL™) as neutraceutical in canine allergic skin disease

Oral Presentation at The World Veterinary Congress WVAC 2018

Authors:

Chaiyot Tanrattana

VIEW

Effectiveness of Disease Modifying Osteoarthritis Agents and Carprofen for Treatment of Canine Osteoarthritis

Thai J Vet Med. 2016. 46(3): 363-371.

Authors:

Irin Kwananocha, Monchanok Vijarnsorn, Narudee Kashemsant, Chalermpol Lekcharoensuk

VIEW

The Effectiveness of Marine Based Fatty Acid Compound and NSAIDs for the Treatment of Canine Osteoarthritis: a preliminary study

WSAVA Congress 2015

Authors:

Irin Kwananocha, Monchanok Vijarnsorn, Narudee Kashemsant, Chalermpol Lekcharoensuk

VIEW

Effect of PCSO-524 on OA Biomarkers and Weight Bearing Properties in Canine Shoulder and Coxofemeral Osteoarthritis

Thai Journal Vet Med. 2015

Authors:

Kumpanart Sundaravibhata, Natwadee Mongkhon, Korakot Nganvongpanit, Prachya Kongtawelert

VIEW

Application of the Polyunsaturated fatty acid compound PCSO-524 in the post operative recovery of dogs that have had stifle surgery

WSAVA FASAVA Congress 2013
World Small Animal Veterinary Assoc.
38th Annual Congress 6-9 March 2013, Auckland, New Zealand

Authors:

Kumpanart Sundaravibhata, Natwadee Mongkhon, Prach Maihasap

VIEW

Bone & Joint Bone & Joint Bone & Joint Bone & Joint Bone & Joint Bone & Joint Bone & Joint Bone & Joint

The Preliminary study of the Clinical outcome of using the PCSO-524 polyunsaturated fatty acid compound (Antinol) in the treatment of Canine Osteoarthritis and degenerative spinal diseases

Thai Journal Vet Med. 2012. 42(3): 311-317.

Authors:

Natwadee Mongkhon, Kumpanart Sundaravibhata

VIEW

Reference
Journals & Publications

PCSO-524® Reference

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40. Vijarnson Monchanok, Kwananocha Irin, Kashemsant Naruedee, Jarudecha Thitichai, et al. Effectiveness of Marine Based Fatty Acid compound (PCSO-524) and Firocoxib in the treatment of Canine Osteoarthritis.BMC Veterinary Research 2019 OCT 17;15(1):349

41. Kwananocha Irin. Journal of Thai Veterinary Practitioners. 2020 (Synopsis)

42. Rungnirundon Teerapat, Senarut Napaporn. PCSO-524 (Antinol®) Use in Fighting Cocks for Treatment of Chronic Pododermatitis. Journal of Thai Veterinary Practitioners.2020 (Synopsis)

43. Nishida Koji.PCSO-524 Report Clinical Results of Nineteen Dogs with Tracheal Collapse that received PCSO-524,a Lipid Extract of New Zealand Green Lipped Mussel(Perna canaliculus). Journal of Modern Veterinary Medicine (MVM) Vol.24 No.163 (2016)

44. Tanrattana Chaiyot, Panitarnangit Sivavatchr, Moolasatsathorn Warawadee.Clinical Study of PCSO-524 (Antinol) as neutraceutical in Canine allergic skin disease. World Veterinary Association Congress 2018

_________________________________

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